<p>The Morse–Scoville House, also known as the Bela and Jennie Hutchinson Scoville House, is a private house located at 685 South Washington Street in Constantine, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dr. Francis J. Morse was one of a string of doctors who owned a drugstore in Constantine. He was active in village affairs, being a school trustee in 1859-62, ans helping organize the First State Bank in 1864. In 1864, he purchased the lots on which this house stands, and had it constructed in about 1864/65. Morse deeded the property to Mary E. Eacker in 1878, who then deeded it to Jennie H. Scoville in 1881. Jennie Scoville was the wife of Dr. Bela P. Scoville, a Civil War veteran who had completed medical school at the University of Michigan in 1868. Scoville set up a medical practice in Mottville after graduation, and there married Jennie Hutchinson in 1880.</p><br>
<p>After their marriage, Bela and Jennie Hutchinson Scoville moved to Constantine into this house. They lived here until their deaths: Bela in 1917 and Jennie in 1936. The Scovilles had one son, Charles T. Scoville. The house remained in the Scoville family until 1974.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Morse–Scoville House is an L-shaped two-story Italianate structure with a hipped roof and a single story, gable roofed rear addition. The exterior is clad in weatherboard, and a square cupola sits atop the roof. A single-story porch runs across the width of the front facade. The windows are tall and arched, with two-over-four panes.</p><br>
<p>The Constantine Historic Commercial District is a primarily commercial historic district located in Constantine, Michigan along Washington Street between Second and Water Streets, and along Water Street between White Pigeon Street and 125 West Water. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Constantine was first settled in 1828; by 1830 there was a mill and five families at the location, and the village itself was platted in 1831. The area was easily accessible from the Chicago Road, and following the removal of the government land office from White Pigeon, Constantine emerged as the principal settlement in the area. By 1840, over 800 people lived in the village. Industrial buildings were constructed along the river to take advantage of the water power and the easy access to transportation. Commercial enterprises first appeared along Water Street, but as the village grew, merchants began locating along Washington Street.</p><br>
<p>The first commercial buildings in the village were wooden Greek Revival structures. Although many of these were destroyed by fire over the years, five still survive within the district. These include one building at 145 S. Washington which still exhibits its original 1850s storefront facade, as well as the Barry warehouse at 125 W. Water, which was owned by the prominent merchant and three-time governor John S. Barry. Constantine did not become a railroad stop until the 1870s, and it slipped behind other settlements in shipping and transportation. However, with the onset of the 1870s, a number of substantial and ornate Italianate commercial buildings were constructed in the district.</p><br>
<p>As the 20th century arrived, development shifted to outside the district, so that all but one of the buildings located within this district were constructed before 1916. By the 1950s, more outlying commercial districts began pulling customers away from the downtown. In the 1970s, redevelopment began in the downtown.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Constantine Historic Commercial District contains 34 commercial and residential structures within a 5-acre area. Most of the structures are mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century Greek Revival and Italianate buildings. The district is particularly notable for the integrity of its historic storefronts: unlike similar commercial districts, 3/4 of the buildings in this district retain the original street level design elements.</p><br>
<p>Significant buildings within the district include:</p><br>
<p>Simons Block (120-138 S. Washington): Constructed in 1875, probably for general store operator John W. Simons, this building is the only three story structure in the district. It has several distinguishing architectural features, including a large metal cornice with a pediment above bearing the name and date of construction, and arched window openings with radiating brick around a central keystone. The street level retains the original design of alternating entrances, pilasters, and display windows.</p><br>
<p>140 S. Washington: This building was constructed in 1870 for clothier Michael A. Melcher. It retains its original design features, and is a unique combination of Gothic and Italianate styles, with Gothic arched windows, with Italianate brickwork.</p><br>
<p>150 S. Washington: Constructed in 1877, this Italianate building was first a clothing store, but has served as a general and hardware store since 1904.</p><br>
<p>Art Gallery Building (156 S. Washington): The Art Gallery Building, independently listed on the Register, was constructed in 1877 for George I. Crossett to house his Crossett Drug Store on the first floor, along with a photographic studio on the second floor. It has a unique cast iron facade on the upper floor.</p><br>
<p>Wells and Calam Block (117 S. Washington): This building was built in 1870 for the general store of the firm of Wells and Calam. It is a richly detailed Italianate building.</p><br>
<p>145 S. Washington: This is an 1850s Greek Revival commercial building constructed for harness maker Clinton Doolittle. Although covered with siding, the storefront still retains the original street level design of two raised rectangular windows framing a recessed door flanked by sidelights.</p><br>
<p>The Barry Warehouse (125 W. Water): Although the old Barry Warehouse no longer exhibits much architectural integrity, it is histroically significant for the association with John S. Barry, three time Michigan governor.</p><br>
<p>122. E. Water: This brick-veneered Italianate building was constructed in 1885. The building is notable for the decorative tile and terra cotta frieze, and for the stained glass in the transoms.</p><br>
<p>The John Bridges Tavern and Store Site is a historic tavern complex site located along Illinois Route 146 near Buncombe, Illinois. The tavern and store were built in the early 1830s by either John Bridges, Sr., or his son John Bridges, Jr. In 1838 and 1839, the Trail of Tears passed through southern Illinois, and the tavern and store served as a stopping place for Cherokee who had been removed from their homeland. Additionally, a spring on the property provided a water source for the Cherokee and their animals. The tavern burned down in 1940, and the complex has been partially demolished, but some remains of the store still stand and archaeological investigations have been conducted at the site.</p><br>
<p>The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 8, 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Church of the Holy Cross in Hillfarrance, Oake, Somerset, England was built in the 14th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The church was built in the 14th and 15th centuries, although the sputh chapel may contain fabric from an earlier building, with the tower being added in 1540. It then underwent Victorian restoration in 1857 and further work on the roof in 1967.</p><br>
<p>In 2007 repairs were undertaken and a new kitchen and disabled toilet were installed.</p><br>
<p>The parish is part of the Deane Vale benefice within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The red sandstone building has Hamstone dressings. The three-stage tower is supported by diagonal buttresses and topped with a parapet and gargoyles, with a central stair turret. The tower contains a bell chamber, and six bells which were restored by Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 1925.</p><br>
<p>Within the church is a memorial to the men of the village who died in World War I.</p><br>
<p>The Campground Church and Cemetery Site is a historic church and cemetery complex located at 50 Tunnel Lane near Anna, Illinois. The site began as a religious campground and local cemetery for the area&#39;s Presbyterian congregation; a church was added to the site in 1906. In 1838-39, when the Trail of Tears passed through Illinois, Cherokee who were removed from their homeland used the site as a campground. The campground included two springs, which were used as a source of fresh water for the Cherokee and their animals, and a gristmill run by local landowner George Hileman. In addition, several Cherokee children are buried in unmarked graves in the cemetery; the Trail of Tears was deadly for many of those who were forced to travel it, and children were among the most common victims. It is suspected that Hileman allowed the Cherokee to bury their dead in the local cemetery out of sympathy, as his own sons had died recently, though he may have also done so out of a sense of obligation toward fellow Christians.</p><br>
<p>The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 8, 2017.</p><br>
<p>The Turkey Hill Grange Hall is a historic Grange hall located at 1375 E. Illinois Route 15 in Belleville, Illinois. Built in 1937, the hall was the third used by the Turkey Hill Grange #1370, which was founded in 1874. As part of the National Grange, the Turkey Hill chapter served both as a political advocacy group for farmers interests and a social group for isolated rural residents. While the 1937 hall follows the national organizations suggestions for Grange hall design, the chapter also hired local architecture firm Rubach & Weisenstein to create the building&#39;s Neoclassical design, an uncommon practice for a Grange hall. The hall is still in use by the Grange, which is the oldest Grange chapter in St. Clair County; the hall itself is one of the few historic Grange halls in Illinois still standing and in good condition.</p><br>
<p>The hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 27, 2016.</p><br>
<p>The Church of the Holy Trinity in Ash Priors, Somerset, England was built in the 15th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the 14th century the village of Ash was granted to Taunton Priory as its mother church. This led to the village being known as "Ash Priors".</p><br>
<p>The church was built in the 15th century with the south aisle being added in 1833.</p><br>
<p>The parish is part of the benefice of Milverton with Halse, Fitzhead and Ash Priors within the Diocese of Bath and Wells. The usual Sunday attendance is between 12 and 20 people.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The red sandstone building has a slate roof. The three-stage tower is supported by diagonal buttresses.</p><br>
<p>The churchyard contains two war graves, one from the first world war and one from the second.</p><br>
<p>The Church Of St Andrew in Wiveliscombe, Somerset, England was built in 1829. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The church was built by Richard Carver between 1827 and 1829, on the site of an earlier medieval church. It originally had a gallery but this is now the organ loft. The Rose window was added in 1915.</p><br>
<p>The parish is part of the Wiveliscombe and the Hills benefice, within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The red sandstone building has hamstone dressings and a slate roof. The aisle is of five bays. The three-stage tower is at the western end of the church.</p><br>
<p>Inside the church are a 14th-century font from the earlier church along with the tombs of Humphrey Wyndham and his wife who died in the early 17th century.</p><br>
<p>The churchyard cross was erected in the 14th century. It has an octagonal base and tapering shaft. The head of the cross is missing.</p><br>
<p>The Pant, Llanvihangel-Ystern-Llewern, Monmouthshire is a hall-house dating from the 16th century with an attached 17th century Quaker meeting house. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original hall house dates from the mid-16th century. It is a "remarkably unaltered" late-medieval house. The Quaker meeting house was constructed in the 17th century, and the architectural historian John Newman notes the date of 1687 on a beam in the house may refer to the meeting house&#39;s construction. Walter Jenkins, an early Quaker, and son of Thomas Jenkins who was the rector at Llanvihangel-ystern-llewern, was born at the house. He was imprisoned for his beliefs at Monmouth and died in 1661. His daughter Elizabeth, mother of Elisha Beadles, married John Beadles and they lived at the Pant in the later 17th century. John Beadles is the likely builder of the meeting house. In the 20th century, the property was owned by Sir Joseph Bradney of Tal-y-coed Court and author of a twelve-volume History of Monmouthshire.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The late medieval hall-house dates from the mid-16th century and has cruck-truss end walls which were subsequently rebuilt in brick. It has a roof of Welsh slate and two prominent chimney stacks.</p><br>
<p>The meeting house is of brick, with two storeys and a basement. The interiors of both houses have been little altered since their construction and The Pant is a Grade II* listed building, its designation record describing it as "a medieval hall-house with Quaker Meeting House retaining original detail of remarkably high quality".</p><br>
<p>The Church of St Peter and St Paul in Bishop&#39;s Hull, Somerset, England was built in the 13th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Parts of the fabric of the current church including the lower stage of the tower remain from a 13th-century building. The higher parts of the tower are from the 14th century. In 1827 and 1828 the nave was enlarged by Richard Carver. Galleries were added in the 19th century of which only the west gallery remains. Major rebuilding work was needed in the 1950s and 1960s due to subsidence.</p><br>
<p>The parish and benefice of Bishop&#39;s Hull is within the Diocese of Bath and Wells. The usual Sunday attendance is between 60 and 100 people.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is of Blue Lias and red sandstone with slate and asbestos roofs. The chancel and chapel are supported by diagonal buttresses. The four-stage tower is square at the base and octagonal above. The tower contains six bells, the earliest of which was cast around 1550 in Ash Priors.</p><br>
<p>Inside the church are monuments to the Farewell family and other notable parishioners from the 17th century.</p><br>
<p>Salt Island is an island off the coast of Westbrook, Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of Connecticut. The island is very easy to get to from the Westbrook public beaches, as it is only 500 feet away from land. From the late 1600s until the mid-1900s, the island was used to mine salt and gather fruits. Because the island was so close to land, people would often haul carts and horses to the island on a shallow day to gather materials for themselves.</p><br>
<p>Salt Island is also home to a number of kinds of animals, being watched over by the Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge. Some parts of the island are not accessible due to wild seabird habitats. The indigenous animals that can be found on Salt Island include channeled whelks, Atlantic horseshoe crabs, common periwinkle, North American spider crabs, giant hermit crabs, terns, and oystercatchers.</p><br>
<p>The island is also known for its strange rock formations. The rocks are carved from constant wave splashing and the changing of the tides. The rocks are short and almost resemble waves of the ocean. They can be touched but if not careful, you will cut yourself due to the intricate edges on the rocks from hundreds of years of formation.</p><br>
<p>The Winona and St. Peter Railroad Freight House is a former freight house in Winona, Minnesota, United States. Built from 1882 to 1883, it is the citys last surviving freight facility of the Winona and St. Peter Railroad. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 for having local significance in the theme of transportation. It was nominated as a symbol of the Winona and St. Peter Railroad, which was instrumental in spurring Winonas industry and growth by developing markets along its rail lines across Minnesota and into Dakota Territory.</p><br>
<p>Through mergers and acquisitions, the building continued to serve as a railroad office and freight house until 1961. As of 2017 the west end of the building houses the Jefferson Pub & Grill, which keeps vintage railroad photographs and memorabilia on display.</p><br>
<p>The Wing House is a private house located at 27 South Jefferson Street in Coldwater, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Albert Chandler was a prominent and successful businessman in Coldwater. He founded the Coldwater Sentinel in 1841, and owned a hardware business; he was also Coldwaters first mayor, serving three terms. Alberts son Jay Chandler was a tinner, likely for his fathers business. In 1875, Chandler married New Yorker Frances Campbell. Campbell was fearful of living in the then-wild Coldwater area, and it is said that, to ease the transition, her father helped build a replica of his own house in Coldwater for the newly married couple. However, the Chandlers marriage was apparently not successful. In 1882, Chandler sold the house to Lucius M. Wing, and Frances Chandler moved back to New York. Jay Chandler died in 1884.</p><br>
<p>Lucius M. Wing was another prominent citizen of Coldwater. He was born in 1840 and worked on his father&#39;s farm and brickyard. In 1861, he began farming on his own, and in 1862 enlisted as a private in the 19th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He was soon promoted to Lieutenant and later commissioned as a Captain. At the end of the Civil War, Wing returned to farming, and was then elected sheriff, at which time he moved to Coldwater. In 1868 Wing married Adeline M. Knapp. Both Lucius and Adeline Wing were social and political leaders in late 18th century Coldwater.</p><br>
<p>The Wings lived in the house until their deaths; Adeline in 1912 and Lucius in 1921. After Lucius&#39;s death, the house passed to his son S. L. Wing, and he and his wife Beniti and their daughter Adaline lived there. The house was purchased by the Branch County Historical Society in the early 1970s.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Wing House is a three-story Second Empire structure with a brick lower story, set below grade, and a slightly convex mansard roof sheathed with tin. The top of the roof is ornamented by a cornice with modillions. A divided porch, reached with a stone stairway, runs along the front facade. The main entrance is in a projecting central bay, through arched double doors. A side porch runs along en side of the house. The windows are tall, arched, double hung one-over-ones.</p><br>
<p>The East Chicago Street Historic District is a mixed residential and commercial historic district located in Coldwater, Michigan. The original portion of the district, running along Chicago Street from Wright Street to Division Street, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. Two boundary increases were added in 1990, one running roughly along Pearl Street between Hudson and Lincoln Streets, and the other roughly along Church Street from Jefferson to Daugherty Streets, along with the block of Park Place north of Church and the block of Hull Street west of Park Place.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Coldwater grew up around the Chicago Road, which was established in 1825. By the 1830s, thousands of families were using the road to move west. Coldwater was established as a village in 1837, as the county seat in 1842, and as a city in 1861. The Michigan Southern Railway built a line through the southern portion of the city in 1850, spurring development on the south side of the Chicago Road. The lots in the southern portion of the district, along Pearl Street, were substantially filled by 1870.</p><br>
<p>By 1870, development had spread east along the Chicago Road to Morse Street. Coldwater as a whole, and the East Chicago Street Historic District, grew rapidly though the remainder of the 19th century. The area east of Morse Street was completely unplatted in 1872, but had been entirely platted by 1902.</p><br>
<p>One of the most significant buildings in the district is the Coldwater Public Library at 12 E. Chicago. In 1869, the Ladies Library Association was formed to start a local library. By 1870, the Association had collected 1200 volumes, and started a library in the house of Dr. John Beech (across the street at 11 E. Chicago). By 1880, the library was flourishing and the Coldwater City Council adopted a resolution providing for the establishment of a city library. A site was procured, but it wasn&#39;t until 1885 that a successful businessman, Edwin R. Clarke (whose house is located at 299 E. Chicago Street), donated funds to construct a building. The library opened in 1886. The first President of the Library Board Henry C. Lewis, who live at 53 E. Chicago. Lewis was an art collector, and constructed a gallery near his house at 45. E Chicago, which is now a portion of the Masonic Temple.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The East Chicago Street Historic District contains 72 structures within the original district along East Chicago. These structures include 42 residences and 19 businesses, along with a church, a library, a funeral home, a fraternal lodge, six medical buildings, and a hospital. The additional section added in 1990 contain 53 contributing houses and seven outbuildings on the north side addition, and a further 29 contributing houses in the south addition. Architectural styles in the district range from 1840s Greek Revivals to a 1931 English Tudor, and include Italianate, Queen Anne, and Colonial Revival houses, as well as a few bungalows and vernacular nineteenth-century houses.</p><br>
<p>Significant structures in the district include:</p><br>
<p>Coldwater Public Library (12 E. Chicago): This building constructed in 1885, was designed by M. H. Parker after an 1884 plan drawn by W. H. Poole, librarian ~f the Chicago Public Library. The building is a two-story Queen Anne style building with a conical tower. A decorative entry porch is on one side. Windows in the central portion are semi-elliptical. Two wings were added in the 1950s.</p><br>
<p>John Starr House (161 E. Chicago): A 2-1/2 story Stick style residence completed in 1887. It has a low foundation of rusticated stone, bevel siding, and stucco and half timbering on the gables</p><br>
<p>299 E. Chicago: This 1858 Italianate house is constructed of red brick with white wooden trim. It has a projecting hip roof and tall casement windows on the first story.</p><br>
<p>324 E. Chicago: This 1846 red brick gabled Greek Revival house is simple in detail, with a side entrance, and three windows across the second story with two below.</p><br>
<p>Nettleton House (18 North Jefferson): This house was built for Vernon L. Nettleton, owner of V. L. Nettleton & Co., a dealer in bicycles, hardware, and automobiles. The symmetrical front of the house has a high gambrel roof with the main gables to the side. The first floor is covered with clapboard, and has a veranda with Tuscan-columns in the front.</p><br>
<p>Giddings House (64 Horse): The was the home of carpenter Fred L. Giddings. It has a unique asymmetrical facade, with a front-facing gable on one side and a large window element topped with a broad gabled dormer on the other.</p><br>
<p>Wing House (27 South Jefferson): The Wing House is a formal Second Empire house build in 1875 for Jay Chandler and his wife, Frances (Campbell) Chandler. One time mayor Lucius M. Wing, moved into the house in 1881. It is one of the best residential examples of the Second Empire style in Michigan.</p><br>
<p>Bissell House (71 East Pearl): This house is a two-story brick Italianate hip roof home built for Branch County clerk Francis (Frank) M. Bissell by builder John G. Buffham.</p><br>
<p>Twin Peaks Sports, located on Main Avenue in Challis, Idaho, was built in 1909. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story commercial building with a stepped false front parapet, a molded cornice, and a hooded corner entrance. It was deemed historically notable despite alterations to the building due to it having "the most elaborate expression of framed false-front architecture in Challis. The stepped parapet and hooded corner entrance are distinctive among the Main Avenue buildings, and the use of the classic cornice is representative of commercial architecture in the town."</p><br>
<p>A Dr. Lynn is remember to have used the second floor for his offices and the first floor as a drug store.</p><br>
<p>Cloghanecarhan is a ringfort and ogham stone  forming a National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Cloghanecarhan is located on the western end of the Iveragh Peninsula, 7.2 km south-southeast of Cahersiveen.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The ogham stone was erected some time in the Middle Ages; based on the grammar, it is a late inscription, c. AD 600. Next to it is a stone cashel used for later Christian burials.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The ogham stone originally stood at the east entrance of the ringfort but now lies to the north. It is slate, 208 × 38 × 18 cm. The inscription reads ("&#39;of Ec...án? son of Mac-Cáirthinn"); this is overwritten on an earlier inscription. The same name, in the form MAQI-CAIRATINI, appears on an ogham stone in Painestown (CIIC 40), and it means "devotee of the rowan." The first element of the townland name could mean either "ford of stepping-stones" (there is a small stream, the Direen, to the east) or to a stone beehive hut, such as is found in the cashel.</p><br>
<p>The ringfort was known locally as Keeldarragh; it is circular and enclosed by a bank with entrance at east and "pillars" at the west end. Inside is a circular hut, three leachta, a souterrain and a cross slab.</p><br>
<p>The Second and Third Avenue Historic District is located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. This area was developed as a streetcar suburb at the turn of the 20th century. It includes single-family dwellings, apartment buildings, and two churches. The upper part of the district is called the Sampson Heights Addition. It was developed by Ellen Bever Blake and realtor/developer Malcolm Bolton. Blakes brothers James and George Bever developed the lower part of the district that they called the Bever Park Addition. The family members were in litigation for four years over the development as the two Bever sisters maintained that the three brothers received a disproportionate share of the property in their fathers estate, and that they never paid for their stock in the Bever Land Company. In the end, their father&#39;s will was set aside and the five children agreed to divide the estate equally.</p><br>
<p>The buildings are representative of various architectural styles and vernacular building forms popular from the 1890s through the 1930s. Several prominent architects and architectural firms have buildings here, including Charles W. Bolton of Philadelphia, Louis Sullivan of Chicago, Clausen & Kruse of Davenport, and Charles Dieman and Josselyn & Taylor of Cedar Rapids. St. Paul United Methodist Church (1914) and the William and Sue Damour House (1917) are individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The South Monroe Street Historic District is a primarily residential historic district located at 89-175 and 90-146 South Monroe Street, and 17 Park Avenue, in Coldwater, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It is the best-preserved section of modest houses constructed in Coldwater in the 1850s-1870s, and contains the former Lake Shore & Michigan Southern depot, constructed in 1883.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>South Monroe Street was part of the original section of Coldwater, platted in 1831 by Allen Tibbits and Joseph Hanchett. It is likely, however, that it saw little or no development until about 1850. It was that year that the Michigan Southern Railroad (later the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway) completed its line across Michigan and through Coldwater. The first depot in Coldwater was located at the foot of South Monroe Street, suddenly making this section of Monroe a highly trafficked area. A small group of hotels, stables, and factories were constructed near the depot.</p><br>
<p>After the construction of the depot, residential construction along Monroe also began. Early residents included workers and business owners who likely chose the neighborhood because it was close to their place of work. For example, John P. Stuart (133 South Monroe) was station master of the depot. Ranson E. Hall (89 South Monroe) was a senior partner in R. E. Hall & Son, a watch and jewelry store located nearby on West Chicago. Frederick Myers (140 South Monroe) owned the City Bakery and Restaurant, also nearby on West Chicago.</p><br>
<p>New houses were constructed in the district through the 19th century. In 1883, the present depot was constructed by the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway to replace the earlier 1850 depot. It is likely that some of the houses in the district were originally constructed elsewhere and move onto their current site - for example, both the Late Victorian house at 105 and the Greek Revival house at 108 South Monroe both appear to have been placed in the neighborhood in the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>The South Monroe Street Historic District continues to be one of the most significant concentrations of early Greek Revival and Italianate buildings in the Coldwater area. Passenger service using the Coldwater depot ended in 1956, and the depot building was then used as a freight office and a gift shop. It currently operates as the depot for a steam railway.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The South Monroe Street Historic District contains 31 buildings, most of which were built as single-family dwellings. It also contains the former Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad depot, located at the foot of South Monroe. The houses are for primarily modest brick and frame Greek Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne buildings set on small lots. Four lots also contain old frame carriage houses. Of the frame houses, the most distinctive are the turreted Queen Anne located at 104 South Monroe and the unusual dwelling at 126 South Monroe, the home of architect Marcellus H. Parker. Parker&#39;s house is an L-plan structure with steeply pitched gable roofs, and two-story bay windows.</p><br>
<p>The former Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad depot is a single, story, seven bay long Late Victorian brick structure with corbelled brickwork. It has a high gabled roof with broadly overhanging eaves supported by massive timber brackets.</p><br>
<p>The Old Cottage, in the hamlet of Treadam, some 2km north-west of Llantilio Crossenny, Monmouthshire, is a country house dating from c.1600. The house is Grade II* listed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Monmouthshire writer and artist Fred Hando, recording a visit to the Old Cottage made in the 1960s, notes a plaque above the door giving a construction date of "C 1600". The architectural historian John Newman gives tentative support to this date. The hamlet of Treadam was "a sizeable medieval hamlet" and Hando suggests that it was the domain of one Adam, Tre-Adam means "the homestead of Adam", recorded as reeve to the Lordship of White Castle in 1256-57. The small group of buildings of which the Old Cottage is a part are all that remains of this medieval settlement. In the 19th century, when the cottage formed part of the estate of Llantilio Court, the cottage was extended and converted to two dwellings. In the 20th century, it was converted back into a single home and an extension added to the rear. It remains a private house.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>Fox and Raglan produced a sketch plan of the cottage in the second volume of their three-volume series Monmouthshire Houses. This shows the original two-room lay-out of the cottage. The cottage is constructed of Old Red Sandstone slabs, with a slate roof.</p><br>
<p>The large, centrally-placed, gable dates from the 17th century. The left-hand of the two doors in the main facade dates from the 19th century conversion into two dwellings. Internally, Hando records the "imposing oaken screen of studs and panels" which separate the ground floor into two apartments. Cadw records the Elizabethan mullion windows. Newman notes that the original house did not have an upper storey, "only a habitable roof space". The cottage is a Grade II* listed building, its designation recording it as a "rare and remarkably unaltered 16th century cottage".</p><br>
<p>Preston House, at 205 Ferry St. in Thompson Falls, Montana, was built in 1909 by builder Charles H. Doenges, who was the major builder/contractor in Thompson Falls during 1905 to 1913. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It has also been known as Brown House.</p><br>
<p>It was originally the home of Celia Preston, a member of the Eugene Preston family which operated a livery/teamster/excavation business on Preston Street in Thompson Falls. The house was sold by the Preston family in 1938; it was then owned by various individuals and eventually by a Brown family, owners as of date of NRHP listing.</p><br>
<p>The house was deemed "significant as an excellent example of one of the numerous houses that Charles Doenges constructed in the early 1900s, and for its association with the</p><br>
<p>Eugene Preston family, for which Preston Avenue in Thompson Falls was named."</p><br>
<p>Gelli Farmhouse, Llanvetherine, Monmouthshire, is a farmhouse dating from the early 17th century. The settlement at Gelli-wig has a recorded history dating from the 14th century. The house is Grade II* listed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The manor of Gelli-wig is recorded as belonging to Roger de Gunter in 1349. Cadw considers that the current house is likely to have been built by James Hughes, in the early to mid-17th century. Hughes&#39;s descendant, also James, was Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1717 and was probably responsible for the 18th century reconstruction. Later in that century, the house was the vicarage for the Reverend William Watkins, vicar of Llangattock Lingoed, Llantilio Pertholey and Llanvihangel Crucorney. The farmhouse remains a private residence.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The house was originally two residences, set at right angles. The left-hand block has a cider house attached to it. The house is of sandstone rubble, now rendered, of two storeys and with a slate roof. The interior is "exceptionally well-preserved" and contains important decorative features from the 17th and 18th centuries, including a "highly unusual painted" parlour. Fox and Raglan also note a "good fireplace" in the Renaissance style of their three-volume series Monmouthshire Houses.</p><br>
<p>The farmhouse is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<p>The Redmond Park-Grande Avenue Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. This area was developed as a streetcar suburb at the turn of the 20th century. It includes single-family dwellings, two churches, and an apartment building. The southern part of the district, known as the Bever Park additions, was developed by brothers James and George Bever. The northern part of the district, known as Grande Avenue Place Addition, was developed by several developers, including the Bevers. The people who lived here were middle and upper income households. Local business leaders and professional people lived alongside salesmen and railroad workers.</p><br>
<p>The buildings are representative of various architectural styles and vernacular building forms popular from the 1890s through the 1930s. No known architect designed houses have been located here, but it is possible that local architect Charles Dieman had commissions here. Several of the American Foursquare and the Craftsman houses are similar to those found in the Davenport-based Gordon–Van Tine Company catalogs from the 1910s and the 1920s. They manufactured pre-cut mail-order homes, and people may have bought their products and had them assembled here.</p><br>
<p>Nagashima is the largest island in the island chain south of Shimoshima Island, Amakusa. Its coasts are washed by Yatsuhiro Sea, Hachimannoseto strait and East China Sea. Nagashima Island, together with Shishi-jima, and islands, is administered as part of Nagashima town since 2006. The island&#39;s highest peak is Mount Dainaka-dake 403 m, although Mount Yatake is only slightly lower at 402 m</p><br>
<h2>Transportation</h2><br>
<p>The Nagashima Island is connected to Kyushu mainland by bridge (completed in 1974) over 400-meter wide strait. It is also connected to Ikara Island by since 1990 and to since 1966. The national roads serving the island is Route 389.</p><br>
<p>At ferry line also connect the Nagashima Island to the Shimoshima island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Nagashima is believed to be the place where Tangerine (Citrus unshiu) was introduced to Japan in early Edo period. Later in Edo period the island was notable for its fruit gardens and horse grazing meadows. Modern Nagashima is concentrating on food industry, in particular on alcoholic bewerages, garments, shoes, and electronics manufacture.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Nagashima Island is located in the humid subtropical climate zone (Köppen Cfa), with four distinct seasons. The island never sees snowfall during the winter. Spring in Shimoshima Island starts off mild, but ends up being hot and humid. The summer tends to be Shimoshimas wettest season, with the tsuyu — the rainy season — occurring between early June (average:Jun.7) to late July (average:Jul.21). The islands weather is affected by the nearby while being shielded from the warm Kuroshio Current by the Kyushu island, resulting in wetter and colder climate than should be expected at lower 30`s latitudes.</p><br>
<h2>Attractions</h2><br>
<p>at 32.152693&deg; latitude, 130.116102&deg; longitude</p><br>
<p>The Marshall Street Historic District is a primarily residential historic district, roughly bounded by Taylor, Hull, North Hudson, Montgomery and Clay Streets, in Coldwater, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Marshall Street Historic District is one of the earliest-settled sections on Coldwaters north side. Early residents represented a cross-section of the city and included successful merchants and businessmen, white-collar professionals, and tradesmen. Some of the most significant residents included Brigadier General John G. Parkhurst, who served in the Civil War, who lived at 55 N. Clay; Simon B. Kitchel, founder in 1895 of Coldwaters first daily newspaper, who lived at 171 Grand; Hiram B. Fisher, president of the Pratt Manufacturing Company, who lived at 50 N. Clay, and John H. McLane, a railroad contractor, who lived at 76-78 Hudson.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Marshall Street district contains a cross-section of historic residential architecture, with styles ranging from Greek Revival, Gothic Revival and Italianate to Colonial</p><br>
<p>Revival and bungalow. There are 350 contributing buildings in the district, which are almost exclusively houses and carriage buildings; however, the district also contains three former commercial buildings and two churches, one of which is the National-Register listed First Presbyterian Church. Marshall Street, in the center of the district, contains the most architecturally significant structures.</p><br>
<p>The West Pearl Street Historic District is a primarily residential historic district, located at 155-225 and 160-208 W. Pearl Street in Coldwater, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the Civil War, Coldwater rapidly expanded, and substantial residences were constructed along arteries leading out of the downtown area. Many were built along East Chicago Road, but another concentration was here along Pearl Street. The oldest house in the district, the Brown-Halstad House at 165 W. Pearl, was built in 1860.</p><br>
<p>Significant early residents in the district include:</p><br>
<p>Lorenzo D. Halsted (165 W. Pearl): co-owner of Coldwaters the citys first factory manufacturing cut and smoking tobacco and cigars.</p><br>
<p>George Starr (166 W. Pearl): cashier and president of the Coldwater National Bank.</p><br>
<p>Lester E. Rose (186 West Pearl): president of the Southern Michigan National Bank.</p><br>
<p>William A. Coombs (199 West Pearl): owner of the Coombs Milling Company.</p><br>
<p>Robert G. Chandler (200 West Pearl): co-owner of A. Chandler & Son, a pioneer hardware store.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The west Pearl Street Historic District runs along both sides of West Pearl two blocks near Coldwaters central business district. It contains a significant concentration of large, late 19th century homes located on the citys west side. The district contains 18 buildings, 15 of which contribute to the historic nature of the district, and three of which are carriage houses. Architectural styles in the district are mixed, including Greek Revival, Italianate Stick and Eastlake houses, and Colonial Revival. Several of the houses are sited on substantial lots.</p><br>
<p>The B Avenue NE Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. This is a working and middle-class neighborhood northeast of the campus of Coe College. It includes single-family dwellings, a church, and a school. The buildings are representative of various architectural styles and vernacular building forms popular from c. 1875 to 1963. The oldest house was built in 1873 and moved here in the early 20th century. Bungalow, Craftsman, and American Foursquare houses are dominant. A simple side-tower church, originally Central Park Presbyterian Church, was built in 1904. For the most part, architect-designed buildings are a rarity here. The houses are designs from pattern books. Cedar Rapids architect William J. Brown designed Benjamin Franklin Junior High School .</p><br>
<p>The Cedar Rapids 2nd Avenue SE. Automobile Row Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. This is a collection of commercial buildings that were built along the old Lincoln Highway between 1912 and 1953 to house automobile dealerships. They feature broad fronts with large display windows and open interiors. Auto repair shops were generally located at the rear of a dealership, but some were located in their own utilitarian buildings. Some of the corner lots were taken up by small gas stations. In later years, sales lots were placed adjacent to dealerships in order to display a larger number of cars. Other lots were occupied by used car lots. Prior to being converted into an automobile-centric commercial area, the district was a Victorian-era residential neighborhood. The multi-family dwelling at 309 8th St. SE remains as a remider of that era, and it is one of the contributing properties.</p><br>
<p>Great Tresenny Farmhouse, Grosmont, Monmouthshire is a farmhouse dating from c.1600. Situated just to the south of the village, the farmhouse is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The origins of the house are of about 1600.</p><br>
<p>Sir Cyril Fox and Lord Raglan, who refer to the house as "Upper Tresenny" in their three-volume guide Monmouthshire Houses, consider that the style of the stone staircase supports this early dating. In about 1610, the parlour block was added to the existing hall block.</p><br>
<p>Cadw records Fox and Raglan&#39;s explanation for the hiatus in building what was clearly intended as a single structure, namely that the 1600s house was constructed next to an earlier medieval hall house which was then demolished when the builders were ready to construct the adjacent parlour block. Further extensions were undertaken in the 17th century. The farmhouse remains a private residence.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The architectural historian John Newman describes Great Tresenny as "a fine unmodernised farmstead". It is of two storeys with the hall to the north, parlour to the south, and service rooms in the centre. The partitions on the ground floor which were noted by Fox and Raglan are "no longer visible". The farmhouse is constructed of old red sandstone rubble which was once white-washed. Fox and Raglan note the exceptional height of the ground-floor rooms, indicating "the importance of the house" which is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<p>Tredean House, Devauden, Monmouthshire is a country house dating from 1901-02. It was designed in an Arts and Crafts style by the architect Arthur Jessop Hardwick. The client was a Henry Simpson. The house, a Grade II* listed building, remains a private residence and is not visible from the public highway, although the gatehouse can be seen.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early 20th century the Dukes of Beaufort sold off their extensive Monmouthshire estates, centred on Troy House. The site of Tredean was purchased by a Mr Henry Simpson, who began the construction of a large house in the Arts and Crafts style. and which the architectural historian John Newman considered "pert", gives a flavour of the house&#39;s style.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>John Newman describes Tredean as "a large and ambitious house in a loose Voyseyesque style". Cadw records its terraced setting, on the side of a steep hill, "two-storey and-attic with a full basement due to the artificial ground level".</p><br>
<p>It describes the interior as "more Norman Shaw olde English than Voysey" and notes the "very high standard" of the house&#39;s restoration in the very late 20th century. The house is Grade II* listed, with the lodge, the stable block and garage, and the teahouse in the garden, all having their own Grade II listings.</p><br>
<p>Coflein records that the house is "almost unaltered" since its construction. The rooms in the house include a panelled entrance hall with stained glass, a dining room and sitting room with some reproduction fittings in the original style, a billiard room and a bathroom of 1902 with its "tiling and sanitary ware all complete".</p><br>
<p>The terraced gardens surrounding the house were developed later, c.1910, but follow the Arts and Crafts style.</p><br>
<p>The Coldwater Downtown Historic District is a primarily commercial historic district located along West Chicago Street from Division to Clay Streets in Coldwater, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>An early trading post was established in what is now Coldwater in 1822. The Chicago Road (now Chicago Street) was constructed through the area in the late 1820s. The village itself was first platted in 1831, and commercial improvements were made almost immediately, with the area that is now this historic district becoming the commercial center of the village. As Coldwater grew, more commercial businesses were established, scattered along the Chicago Road. The establishment of a Michigan Southern depot at the foot of South Monroe Street in 1851 created a concentration of commercial interest in the blocks of Chicago near Monroe.</p><br>
<p>The earliest structures in the downtown were wooden frame buildings. However, a series of major downtown fires in the early 1850s caused the village to mandate masonry construction in the downtown area, beginning in 1854. The building boom continued through the 1870s and 1880s, and many of the remaining buildings in the district date from that time period. A number of early 20th century buildings were also constructed in the district.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Coldwater Downtown Historic District runs along several blocks of West Chicago and adjacent cross streets in Coldwater&#39;s central business district. The contains 64 buildings, 49 of which contribute to the historic character of the district. Nearly all of the buildings are one- to three-story brick commercial structures, constructed from the 1860s to the 1920s. The buildings are set side-by-side directly along the sidewalk, and are primarily Italianate in design, with some Gothic Revival, Neo-Classical, and other architectural styles interspersed.</p><br>
<p>Significant structures in the district include:</p><br>
<p>H. J. Woodward & Son Building (23 West Chicago): This two-story building has round-head Italianate windows flanked by raised brick pilasters.</p><br>
<p>Coldwater National Bank Building (28 West Chicago): This three-story limestone, Neo-Classical building was constructed in 1929. It is three bays wide, with an Ionic portico in antis spanning the front facade. The building now houses municipal offices of Coldwater.</p><br>
<p>Old Post Office (25 N. Monroe) The Old Post Office is a three-story Italianate building constructed in 1882.</p><br>
<p>Tibbits Opera House (14 S. Hanchett): Constructed in 1881-82., the Tibbits Opera House is a large brick building housing a surviving Victorian auditorium. The exterior has been substantially altered.</p><br>
<p>Post Office (36 W. Pearl): Constructed in 1909/10, the post office is a broad limestone and buff brick building with a red tile roof.</p><br>
<p>The Woodmanston Site, located southwest of Riceboro, Georgia off Barrington Road, is a historic site which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>The site is gated, but visitors may enter the site by appointment.</p><br>
<p>Woodmanston was the plantation house of the Le Conte Plantation or Woodmanston Plantation, a rice plantation started by John Eaton LeConte, Sr. The plantation was developed in Bull Town Swamp, a "typical backwater and cypress swamp" which is a tributary to the South Newport River which in turn opens into Sapelo Sound. The site of the house was on a knoll above the tidal area and was, in 1972, still identifiable by the presence of a "few remaining hardwoods, flowering bushes and two palms." A botanical garden on the property, developed by his son Louis, became internationally known.</p><br>
<p>Ballymalis Castle is a tower house and National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Ballymalis Castle is located 4.3 km northwest of Beaufort, on the north bank of the River Laune, near its confluence with the River Gaddagh. The Ring of Kerry runs to the north.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This castle was built in the early 16th century by the Ó Muircheartaigh (O&#39;Moriartys). It later passed to the Ó Fearghuis (Ferrises), who renovated it in the late 16th century. In 1677 the manor was confiscated by the Crown and granted to Francis Brewster, who granted it to the Eager (Eagar) family.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>This is a tower house, partially restored. It is rectangular, with four storeys and an attic, with bartizans in the southwest and northeast corners. Also featured are slopstones, a machicolation, chimneys, fireplaces and decorated windows with mullions and transoms. Some of the alure (wall-walk) survives.</p><br>
<p>Oktonia is a hillside village found in the east-central area of Evia Island, belonging to the Municipality of Kimi-Aliveri. Located near the lower side of the Gulf of Kimi, the village is composed of four communities, Alonia, Panochori , Katochori  and Panagia, covering a large area. It is 145 km from Athens, a distance covered in about 2.5 hours by car, making it a destination for both winter and summer holidays.</p><br>
<p>According to the census of 2011, Oktonia has 455 permanent inhabitants.</p><br>
<p>Including the coastal communities of Agios Mercurios and Mourteri, the population is 650.</p><br>
<h2>History and Origins of Oktonia</h2><br>
<p>The area of Oktonia has been inhabited since antiquity. The geographer Strabon (64 or 63 BC-c. 24 AD) wrote about Ochalia,a settlement apparently in the same location according to many scholars. Research indicates that there was a temple dedicated to Chthonia Demetra, the goddess Demetra who was the protector of the earth (chthon), and more specifically, agriculture and agricultural production.</p><br>
<p>From a compilation of historical data and traditional legend, it appears that during the late Byzantine Period, there was a village in the shadow of Kallimani Mountain just east of today’s village of Choreftaria. Groups of herders also grazed their flocks in the surrounding area. During this period, piracy was rampant; this village could not survive due to the fact that it was discernible to pirates from the sea.</p><br>
<p>According to tradition, one night during a festive gathering, when the watchtowers were unattended, pirates landed from the sea of Aili where their ships were moored. A woman who had perhaps learned of their plan, took her eight daughters and fled toward Kourvinou to escape the pirate raid. The rest of the villagers were captured and taken to the slave market in Anatolia. After some time, the mother and her daughters returned to the area but settled in a densely forested ravine at the foot of the mountain for protection from the pirates. Their initial settlement was on the site of present-day Panochori.</p><br>
<p>Around 1420 AD a village was founded and named Oktonees and later Oktonia (“okto” is the Greek for “eight), for the eight young girls (“nees”) who escaped the pirates and first settled it. Development of this settlement over the years created present-day Oktonia.</p><br>
<p>The inhabitants of Oktonia come from many areas of Greece: the islands, the Peloponnese, central Greece, Epirus, Karistos, Chalkida, northern Evia, Constantinople and Asia Minor.</p><br>
<p>During the Turkish Occupation, the local population found comfort in religion from their suffering and humiliation, and there were four monasteries founded by the mid-16th century. Today, from these monastery complexes only the churches survive: St. George at Koutsouro, the Taxiarches (Archangels) at Kotsikia, the Presentation of the Virgin at Papavlassa, and St. Demetrios of the Waterfall.</p><br>
<p>Of these churches, St. Demetrios of the Waterfall is most noteworthy because the monastery played a significant role in the years leading up to the revolutionary struggle of 1821. The church contains important examples of post-Byzantine painting. In 1921, by Royal Decree this church became a Prominent Monument of the State.</p><br>
<p>During the 1821 Revolution, many people from the village fought and died to attain their freedom. The mountainous terrain favored the resistance and, because of its struggle against the Ottomans, Oktonia experienced battles, a siege on the castle (Kastro), torture and massacres. The Abbot of the Monastery of St. Demetrios, Paisios, was put to death by impalement.</p><br>
<p>Oktoniates (people from Oktonia) also demonstrated their courage, patriotism and self-sacrifice during the subsequent National Liberation struggles including the Balkan Wars 1912-13, the Asia Minor Expedition and World War II.</p><br>
<p>The history of Oktonia during this period was turbulent. The villagers suffered, were attacked, taken into captivity, and many were killed, but they demonstrated resistance, bravery, sacrifice, heroism and a will to survive. As a result of these experiences, the people of Oktonia became industrious, inventive, resilient, progressive, and persistent in achieving their aims.</p><br>
<h2>Oktonia Today</h2><br>
<p>Today Oktonia is a large, charming village of both new and renovated old houses with traditional tile roofs. Modern conveniences combine with age-old traditions in all aspects of village life. From the architectural standpoint, Oktonia is characterized as an Interesting Settlement with important structural and town-plan elements. These same pleasing elements are also found in the coastal settlements of Mourteri and Agios Mercurios.</p><br>
<p>The village people are engaged in many occupations. They are farmers, stock-breeders, fishermen, beekeepers, masons, artisans, clerks, laborers, sailors and shopkeepers.</p><br>
<p>There are two Parish Churches and a Community Center which houses a variety of cultural and educational activities. The village has a Primary School, 5 x 5 football field, basketball court, cafes, grocery stores, butcher shops, pastry & bakery shops, tavernas, bars and restaurants to meet the needs of residents and visitors alike.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the Agricultural Cooperative, there are several other groups and associations in Oktonia:</p><br>
<p>The Association of Parents and Guardians of the Oktonia Primary School</p><br>
<p>The Youth Association of Oktonia</p><br>
<p>The Volunteer Fire Fighters of Oktonia</p><br>
<p>These organizations cooperate and assist each other in promoting the general welfare of the people. Individually and collectively, they host a number of cultural, educational, recreational and sporting events, without abandoning the village traditions.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and Natural Environment</h2><br>
<h3>Geographical Location</h3><br>
<p>Oktonia covers an area of 34,000 stremmata or 8,402 acres. Below the Kallimani Mountain which is still bare from the fires during Ottoman rule, the village lies amidst dense forest at an elevation of 400 meters. Oktonia overlooks the hill of Oksilithos, the plain, and neighboring villages and offers a splendid view of the Aegean Sea.</p><br>
<h3>Climate</h3><br>
<p>The climate of the village is mild, dry and healthy. Winter temperatures are not too cold and it is pleasantly cool in the summer due to the low humidity. The sea and land air are especially beneficial for people with respiratory conditions.</p><br>
<h3>Agriculture, Stock-breeding and Fishing</h3><br>
<p>Oktonia has a great deal of arable land and plenty of water, making it ideal for the cultivation of agricultural products. There are large olive groves and the primary products are olive oil and onions. The largest part of village itself is in the midst of walnut and plane trees, among others.</p><br>
<p>Stock-breeding is widespread in Oktonia. Herds of goat and sheep graze the hills freely.</p><br>
<p>Finally, there are many opportunities for professionals and amateurs alike to fish the abundant seas in close proximity to the village. Beaches such as Bournia are frequented by local people and visitors.</p><br>
<h2>Interesting Sites and Leisure Activities</h2><br>
<h3>Picturesque Communities and Their Natural Springs (Fountains)</h3><br>
<p>Scattered among the four settlements of the village are a number of ornate fountains. Some are old and others are new, but each tells its own story. The best known of these fountains are: Marinou, Sgourou, Skoura, Karvouniari and Mitsara in Panohori (upper village), and Voivonta in Alonia, Ambades in Panagia and Soor in Katohori (lower village).</p><br>
<h3>St. Demetrios of the Waterfall</h3><br>
<p>The church remains today an important religious, historic and artistic monument. The monastery, which was located on the site, was a spiritual center inspiring freedom-fighters for the 1821 Revolution and also supplying the Greek Revolutionary ships that were in the sea of Markourio. This role in the Revolution resulted in the capture of the Abbot of the monastery, Paisios, who was put to death by impalement.</p><br>
<p>The church interior is completely covered with extraordinary post-Byzantine paintings (1600) which depict a wide variety of religious themes in original, colorful compositions. It was deemed a Prominent Monument of the State by Royal Decree in 1921. As such, it took its place among the important Byzantine and post-Byzantine monuments of Greece such as the Monastery at Daphne and Osios Loukas.</p><br>
<h3>Kastri and the Historic Castle (Kastro)</h3><br>
<p>On the slopes of the mountain of Oktonia, Kallimani, is the area of Kastri which took its name from the medieval castle (Kastro) located on the mountain. From the Kastro all the other medieval castles in the area were visible (the Castle of Dragoneras, the Tower of Kipon, etc.) All of these castles were able to communicate among themselves by lighting torches on their towers. During the years leading up to the Revolution of 1821, the people of Oktonia took refuge in these fortresses against the attacks of the Turks who were under the leadership of the Pasha of Karistos, Ontabassin. Following a treasonous act, the castle was besieged and bombarded. The women and children fled to other areas, the aged and the weak were slaughtered and the fighters escaped to the mountains in order to organize their subsequent revolutionary actions. In retribution, the Turkish fighters burned the monastery of St. Demetrios and the entire area around Oktonia.</p><br>
<p>Inside the castle walls is the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior (Metamorphoseos tou Sotiros). On this site people sacrificed their lives for the cause of freedom. It has become a place of pilgrimage; visitors come for prayer, giving thanks, and glorifying God. Beside the church is a well which gathered rain water to meet the needs of the people when the castle was under siege. From the castle, visitors have a panoramic view of Oktonia and the villages of Kimi. The castle can be reached by car.</p><br>
<p>In close proximity to the Kastro, on the side of the mountain facing Oktonia, is a cave four meters deep with an entrance three meters high. The approach to the castle may also be made by following a footpath which begins at Gorthia, a little below the Voivonta Fountain.</p><br>
<h3>Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Churches (15th and 16th centuries)</h3><br>
<p>St. George at Koutsouro, the Taxiaches (Archangels) at Kotsikia, the Presentation of the Virgin at Papavlassa and St. John the Theologian at Karvouni are noteworthy churches in the area.</p><br>
<h3>New Churches</h3><br>
<p>There are about seventeen new churches scattered in various locations in the area. Of special interest among these churches are the historic church of Zoodochos Pigi in Tsouka and St. John the Baptist which is between Alonia and Panagia.</p><br>
<h3>Beaches</h3><br>
<p>Along the ten kilometer sea coast of Oktonia are the beaches of Mourteri, Agios Mercurios, Bournias, Graves, Limionari, Aili and Kalami.</p><br>
<h3>Cape Punta Sea Caves</h3><br>
<p>Some of the caves along Cape Punta provided hiding places for people of Oktonia escaping the Turks. They waited for passing Greek ships to take them to other islands.</p><br>
<h3>Mountain destinations</h3><br>
<p>From the peak of Kallimani Mountain (elevation 750 meters) visitors have a panoramic view of the coast and the Aegean. Skyros and the Northern Sporades Islands can also be seen.</p><br>
<p>The Boti’s Cave (Tripa) is in the area of Kakorrema (after Drimo) and has stalactites and stalagmites. It can be accessed by car, followed by a 15-minute hike. For the descent, a rope is required.</p><br>
<p>Around the top of the mountain of Kallimani there are other caves including:</p><br>
<p>The cave Agiasma or Graspilaia situated at Askala a short distance from Boti’s Cave (Tripa). Finds here include ceramic objects and shards, and bones from Proto Helladic period (3200-2000 BC)</p><br>
<p>The Cave of Zoodochos Pigi, is a small cave in the church yard in Tsouka. The icon of the Virgin Mary was found in the cave, and the church of Zoodochos Pigi was built to honor it.</p><br>
<p>The cave situated at Pigadi is relatively close to Zoodochos Pigis. It is a horizontal cave with an entrance two meters high, width of 60 centimeters and length of four to five meters.</p><br>
<p>The Cave of Bonou or Bonista is located 200 meters from the cave at Pigadi. It has a length of five meters and depth of ten meters. Research inside the cave yielded a few prehistoric shards and many shards from the post-Roman historical period (4th-5th C. AD).</p><br>
<p>The Cave of Bourboula is found on the Northeast side of Kallimani Mountain at an elevation of 400 meters. The entrance has a width of five meters and maximum height of three meters. The cave was used seasonally as a shelter for herds of goats.</p><br>
<p>The Cave of the Transfiguration (Metamorphoseos) is found at Kastri (Kastro of Oktonia) near the church. It has a depth of four meters with an entrance three meters high. Research yielded shards perhaps from prehistoric times and from more recent periods. The cave was used in the past as a shelter for herds of goats.</p><br>
<h2>Authorship</h2><br>
<p>Written by</p><br>
<p>Panagiota Garoutsou - Liberopoulou</p><br>
<p>Sophia A. Bouli</p><br>
<p>Translated from the Greek by Janet Showkeir Karvouniaris & Stelios Karvouniaris</p><br>
<h2>Sources of the original Greek</h2><br>
<p>Αρχείο Ευβοϊκών Μελετών της Εταιρίας Ευβοϊκών Σπουδών, τόμοι: ΚΓ’, ΚΔ’, ΚΣΤ’</p><br>
<p>Ευβοϊκά- Ιστορία της Νήσου Ευβοίας του Ναθαναήλ Ιωάννου, Αθήνα, Μάρτιος 1969</p><br>
<p>«Οκτωνιά, το ιστορικό χωριό της Εύβοιας», του Αναστασίου Σταμ. Μπουλή, Αθήνα 1991.</p><br>
<p>«Αυτοψίες σε σπήλαια του Δήμου Κύμης-Αλιβερίου», Εφορεία Παλαιοανθρωπολογίας & Σπηλαιολογίας Νοτίου Ελλάδος, Αθήνα 14/10/13.</p><br>
<p>Khoiyachora Waterfall is a hill waterfall which is situated on the hill of Mirsharai, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Other than the waterfalls in Mirsarai upazila, such as Kamaldah Waterfall, Naptitchara Waterfall, Naptitachara Waterfall, Sahasradhara Waterfall, Jharjharhi Waterfall etc., Khoiyachora Jharna and its corridor are one of the largest. The Khoiyachora waterfall has a total of nine major waterfalls  and many isolated steps. Due to the location of the fountain in Khoiyachora union of Mirsarai Upazila, the waterfall has been named "Khoiyachora Waterfall".</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Dhaka-Chittagong highway on the north side of the Baratakia market at the Khoiyachora Union of Mirsharai Upazila. The location of the water is 4.2 kilometers east of it. Due to the location of the fountain is in the mountains, it is not possible to reach at the top of the fountain directly by using any vehicle. It is possible to reach the village near the fountain using the Dhaka-Chittagong highway or on foot from the side or using local vehicles (e.g. CNG). But there is no arrangement for the rest of the road to reach the main stream of the fountain in the foothills of the hill, it is possible to reach the feet only.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It is believed that the Khoiyachora Waterfalls, which is flowing almost 50 years ago. It took time to discover its location for massless mountain areas and bushes. Again many people think that this fountain was created due to hilly diversions almost 50 years ago, before that there was no waterfall.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, the Government has been included in the Khoiyachora Waterfall National Park, after declaring 293.61 hectares of the block of Kunda Hat (Baratakia) block in the Baraiyadhala Block National Park.</p><br>
<p>On behalf of the Government of the People&#39;s Republic of Bangladesh in 2017, the eco-tourism development project has been undertaken by the Department of Forest Department of Chittagong, "Ramgarh-Sitakunda-Reserve Forest", Khoiyachora Fountain, one of the main objectives is the conservation of the Khoiyachora Waterfall.</p><br>
<h2>Reference</h2><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>Mount Kinkei is a hill in the town of Hiraizumi in southwestern Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The mountain is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi.</p><br>
<p>Mount Kinkei is a sacred mountain that has influenced the spatial layout of the temple complex at Hiraizumi. It lies approximately halfway between the temples of Chuson-ji and Mōtsū-ji. According to the legend, the hill was built in a single night by Fujiwara no Hidehira of the Northern Fujiwara to the west of Muryōkō-in temple, which was intended to be a copy of the Byōdō-in temple in Uji (near Kyoto). The name of the hill is said to be derived from a golden cockerel was buried on the top.</p><br>
<p>In 1930, illegal excavations to find the legendary golden cockerel uncovered ceramic and earthenware and copper sutra containers, indicating that the summit of the hill was used as a sutra mound. The sutra containers are now at the Tokyo National Museum.</p><br>
<p>Subsequent excavations found the remains of a Hall identified as belonging to Zaō Gongen; associated with the cult of Miroku.</p><br>
<p>On 22 February 2005, Mount Kinkei was declared a national historic site.</p><br>
<p>Ty-mawr Farmhouse, Ffwthog, Cwmyoy, Monmouthshire is a farmhouse dating from the early 16th century, which was extended in the 17th century and then reduced in size in the 18th century. The farmhouse is a Grade II* listed building, with its range of barns and its bee shelter having separate Grade II listed building designations.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original farmhouse dates from the early 16th century. In the 17th century, the house was extended and a new range constructed to a traditional H-plan. In the 18th century, the building was reduced in size, particularly impacting on the original 16th century building, of which little remains but the two-storey porch, which formed the dairy to the 18th century house. The farmhouse remains a private residence and the architectural historian John Newman remarks on a "careful restoration" dating from 1995 to 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>Cadw records that the farmhouse is of two storeys with attics. which may date from the 19th century or may be earlier.</p><br>
<p>The Ardcanaght Stones are a pair of ogham stones  forming a National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Ardcanaght Stones are located 1.7 km west of Castlemaine, to the north of the River Maine.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The inscriptions are too fragmentary to give them a precise date. Ogham carvings were made in Ireland between the 4th and 10th centuries. They were rediscovered in the 1940s and moved here in recent years from a cillín.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The two stones are accompanied by a large standing stone, 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) tall.</p><br>
<p>The stones are:</p><br>
<p>246a: 90 cm (3 feet) tall with the inscription</p><br>
<p>246b: a small fragment with the inscription. "MAQI" commonly appears on Ogham inscriptions; it means "son ".</p><br>
<p>Yanagi Place Site is the site of the late Heian period palace complex of the Northern Fujiwara clan, the rulers of Hiraizumi, in what is now southern Iwate Prefecture. It is protected by the central government as a National Historic Site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Victorious in the Gosannen War, Fujiwara no Kiyohira relocated his seat from Iwayadō Castle, in present-day Esashi Ward, Ōshū City, Iwate prefectur, to a new location on Mount Kanzan in what is now Hiraizumi, sometime between the year 1090 to 1100 AD. There appear to be three main reasons for his choice of site. First was its location directly on the Ōshū Kaidō, the main highway leading south to the capital and other major cities and north to the lands he controlled. Secondly it was determined to be the center of his realm, as measured from the Shirakawa Barrier in the south to Sotogahama in present-day Aomori Prefecture in the north. Thirdly the location is on the south side of the Koromo River, in what had traditionally been Japanese (as opposed to Emishi) territory.</p><br>
<p>The palace was used by his son Fujiwara no Motohira, grandson Fujiwara no Hidehira and great-grandson Fujiwara no Yasuhira. However, the palace was burned to the ground in 1189, when Minamoto no Yoritomo destroyed the North Fujiwara clan.</p><br>
<p>The site was lost for many years and there was speculation that it had been swept away by changes in the course of the Kitakami River over the centuries. However, from 1969, excavations confirmed the location and in a detailed survey conducted over six years from 1988, Chinese white porcelain vases, large Tokoname ceramic pots, various wooden artifacts and earthenware dishes were found, along with the foundations of moats, walls, ponds and wells.</p><br>
<p>The area received protection as a National Historic Site in 1997. It was included in the original 2006 nomination of "Hiraizumi - Cultural Landscape Associated with Pure Land Buddhist Cosmology". However, it was removed from the nomination after the failure to secure inscription in 2008, although there are continuing efforts to secure its inclusion through future extension.</p><br>
<p>The site was opened as a historical park in April 2010, with many of the artifacts discovered on display at the Yanagi no Gosho Museum at site.</p><br>
<p>The Church of St John the Baptist in Heathfield, Somerset, England was built in the 13th century, from which the tower remains. It is a Grade II listed building. The churchyard cross may also be from the 13th century.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The church is known to have existed in the 1160s however there may have been a church building on the site before that time.</p><br>
<p>The current tower remains from the 13th century building however the rest of the church, including the chancel was largely rebuilt as part of Victorian restoration in the 1841 by Edward Ashworth, with the vestry being added in 1869 and 1860. At this time box pews and the font were removed and replaced.</p><br>
<p>The parish is part of the Deane Vale benefice within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The red sandstone building has a slate roof. It has a two-bay nave. The south east chapel is now the organ chamber. The three-stage tower is supported by diagonal buttresses. The tower had fiev beels, the oldest of which dates from 1657. They were recast in 1898.</p><br>
<p>In the churchyard is a cross which may date from the original construction of the church in the 13th century or from the 15th century. It has an octagonal base with a tapering 1.9 m shaft with a carving of a male figure, however the head of the cross is missing.</p><br>
<p>Trostrey Court House, Trostrey, Monmouthshire is a late 16th century gentry house. The current building replaced an earlier medieval court. The house played a role in the English Civil War when it was seized by the forces of Thomas Fairfax during the siege of Raglan Castle. In the 18th century the estate was sold to Valentine Morris, owner of nearby Piercefield House. In the 19th century the court was owned by the Fluyders, but let to tenant farmers. It remains a private house and working estate. The court is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The current house dates from the 1580s, and was built by a John David Powell, to replace the earlier, medieval manor house which stood on the site.</p><br>
<p>At some point the Powells took the name of Jones and a descendant, Jane Jones, married Charles Hughes of Moynes Court, near Chepstow. Charles Hughes was a prominent Cavalier and Trostrey was taken by General Thomas Fairfax during the siege of Raglan Castle in 1646. In the mid-18th century, the estate was sold to Valentine Morris, a sugar planter who lived at the, much grander, Piercefield House. Morris held the court for only a short time before debts forced him to mortgage it to Sir Samuel Fludyer in the 1770s. The Fluyders owned the court for the next one hundred years but never lived there, letting it to tenant farmers.</p><br>
<p>In the 20th century, the court was bought by the Morgans, and, still run as a working farm and private estate, is owned by their descendants. The current owner, David Morgan MBE is the president of the Usk Rural Life Museum.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The current house replaced an earlier manor. The house is constructed to a T-plan, and is built of rubble with slate roofs. The three-storey porch dates from the early 17th century and is described by the architectural historian John Newman as "most remarkable". The building is of two-storeys, with attics. The exterior of the house has been rendered and repointed and the windows replaced in the late 20th century. Newman considers the result, "none too attractive".</p><br>
<p>The interior contains significant 17th century wood panelling, including in the interior of the porch. In the 18th century wing of the court, a bedroom chamber is reported to house a priest hole behind the fireplace.</p><br>
<p>The court is a Grade II* listed building, the Cadw designation noting its "important and early history...(and its)...fine panelling".</p><br>
<p>The William Portman Almshouses in Staple Fitzpaine, Somerset, England was built in 1643. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The almshouses were established by Sir William Portman in 1643 to provide housing for six poor people. In April 1640, Portman was elected Member of Parliament for Taunton for the Short Parliament. He was re-elected for Taunton in November 1640 for the Long Parliament where he sat until February 1644 when he was disabled for supporting the Royalists He gave £40 per year from his Orchard Portman estate for the six "poor persons" dwelling in the almshouse.</p><br>
<p>The historical records of the almshouses are held by the South West Heritage Trust.</p><br>
<p>The building was restored in the 1970s when some of the windows were replaced and a new staircase added. It is still run as a charity providing housing.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is of Blue Lias with hamstone dressings and a slate roof.</p><br>
<p>Fitzhead Court and The Manor in Fitzhead, Somerset, England was built in the late 16th century and has now been split into two buildings. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Fitzhead Court and The Manor date from the late 16th century. The building was constructed by Major Robert Cannon (died 1685) a royalist veteran of the Civil War, and passed through his successors to the Somerville Barons. When the Somerville line died out it passed to Richard Beadon who was the Bishop of Bath and Wells.</p><br>
<p>The estate was sold to Baron Ashburton in 1840.</p><br>
<p>Fitzhead court now operates as a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The plan of the two-storey building of 1:4:1 bays is "U" shaped following the addition of service wings to the original court.</p><br>
<p>The interior includes Jacobean style plaster ceilings.</p><br>
<p>The red sandstone boundary walls and gate-piers are from the early 19th century.</p><br>
<p>Sedgwick County Memorial Hall and Soldiers and Sailors Monument  is a Civil War monument on the grounds of the Old Sedgwick County Courthouse, in Wichita, Kansas. It was designed by E. M. Viquesney, with sculpture by Frederick Hibbard and the W. H. Mullins Manufacturing Company.</p><br>
<p>The idea to construct a memorial to Sedgewick County Civil War veterans began with two local GAR posts in 1904, but sufficient funds were not available until in 1911. In that year the Kansas State Legislature passed a one-time county tax levy to fund the building of monuments in counties with a population of over 72,000.</p><br>
<p>The monument consists of a Second Empire granite pavilion adorned with five statues. Its dome is crowned by a hammered copper figure of Liberty holding a flag and a laurel wreath, made by the W. H. Mullins Company of Salem, Ohio. At the base of the dome are four life-sized bronze figures by Hibbard representing the Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, and Navy. Inscriptions on the monument&#39;s four facades list the battles, dates and locations in which local soldiers fought.</p><br>
<p>The monument was dedicated June 14, 1913. It was restored (2000–01), and rededicated on Veterans&#39; Day, November 11, 2001.</p><br>
<p>Dunloe Ogham Stones  is a collection of ogham stones forming a National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Dunloe Ogham Stones are located 1 km south of Beaufort, to the south of the River Laune.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The stones were carved in the 5th and 6th centuries AD and served as burial markers. Seven were discovered in 1838 forming the ceiling of a souterrain near Dunloe Castle and were moved to their current site by 1945.</p><br>
<p>Another stone comes from the old church of Kilbonane.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Kilbonane stone is in the centre (CIIC 241) and the others are arranged around it.</p><br>
<p>CIIC 197: ("of Daig son of the descendant of Toicacas&quot believed to refer to the Tóecraige tribe)</p><br>
<p>CIIC 198: ("of Mac-Rithe son of Mac-Duimle descendant of Toicacas&quot believed to refer to the Tóecraige tribe)</p><br>
<p>CIIC 199: ("of Conchenn&quot the name means "dog-head")</p><br>
<p>CIIC 200: ("of Mac-Táil son of Fuirg descendant of Toicacas&quot believed to refer to the Tóecraige tribe)</p><br>
<p>CIIC 201: (badly faded)</p><br>
<p>CIIC 202: ("of Nad-Froích son of ?-án&quot Nad-Froích means "heather&#39;s champion")</p><br>
<p>CIIC 203: ("of Mac-Deichet son of...&quot believed to refer to the Tóecraige tribe)</p><br>
<p>CIIC 241:</p><br>
<p>Ziaziakos  was a village in the Pierian Mountains of the regional unit of Pieria. The establishment of the village was likely in the middle of the 18th century and it is said to have consisted of at least 18 families. The livestock industry was the main occupation of the inhabitants. Its inhabitants because of the Ottoman domination were forced to resort to safer areas and thus abandoned it around the middle of the 19th century , and settled in the present villages of Lofos and Rachi . The altitude of the location where the village was built is 570 meters and the village is 15 km away from Lofos and 28 km from Katerini. In this former village is the church of Koimisis tis Theotokou, which still stands there till this day as the only building of the village.</p><br>
<p>New House Farm, Llangybi, Monmouthshire is a substantial farmhouse dating from c.1700. It has been little altered since the date of its construction. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Cadw dates the house to 1700, or a little later. The façade, described by the architectural historian John Newman as "a completely symmetrical front", is largely unaltered since that date, with the exception of the reconstruction of the chimneys.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The house is built of Old Red Sandstone rubble and rendered and limewashed. It is of two storeys, with attics under a Welsh slate roof. The interior has a cross-passage hall but few original features remain. The house is listed Grade II*, its designation describing New House Farm as "a classic example of its type".</p><br>
<p>Ten Oaks, also known as the Peyton Rowan House, is a historic mansion in Jacksonville, Alabama, USA.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1856 for James Madison Crook. It was designed in the Italianate architectural style. In October 1864, in the midst of the American Civil War, Confederate general P. G. T. Beauregard visited the house. A historical marker about the visit was added outside the house in 1970.</p><br>
<p>In 1865, the house was purchased by Major Peyton Rowan, who lived there with his wife, the former Miss Forney, and their four children, John Forney, Sallie Lorene, Mary Emma and George Hoke. Rowan was a merchant and Mason; the family lived in the house until 1906. It was later inherited by their granddaughter Anne and her husband, T. Weller Smith.</p><br>
<p>The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 29, 2001.</p><br>
<p>Gerbestone Manor in West Buckland, Somerset, England was largely rebuilt in the late 16th century, although some fabric from the 13th century house remains. It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<p>The house has been owned by a succession of families of local gentry and is now used as a wedding venue and for corporate events. The main two-storey chert stone building is accompanied by various outbuildings including barns and a mill.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Gerbestone estate was created around 1235, when a local knight "Gerebert" was granted an exemption from paying taxes by Bishop Jocelin of Wells.</p><br>
<p>The current building was largely constructed in the late 16th century including the use of chimneys for the first time. It was further enlarged, with the addition of wings to the house and additional staircases, in the 17th century when owned by the Wyndham family of Orchard Wyndham. In 1612 the owner was Thomas Frances, who married Suzanna, daughter of George Luttrell of Dunster Castle and later it was owned by John Ewell. Suzanna Francis&#39;s children married into the families of other local landowners including that of Francis Popham and supported both sides during the English Civil War. In 1693 the house was mortgaged by Nicholas Frauncies and then sold to Sir John Elwell whose descendents lived there until 1894 when it was bought by William Temlett Marke.</p><br>
<p>Further restoration was undertaken in the 1920s and 1930s by Hubert Lidbetter, for the Lloyd-Fox family who were the owners at the time, which included a new staircase and windows and the removal of all the plaster on walls and ceilings. During World War II the house was used to accommodate 30 evacuees.</p><br>
<p>In 2007 the house was bought by the investment banker, Spencer Weir, for £2,5 million.</p><br>
<p>The long barn was converted, with attached watermill, in 2014 and is now used as a wedding and events venue. The main house can sleep 24 guests.</p><br>
<p>The historical records from the manor are held by the South West Heritage Trust.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The two-storey house is built of chert stone with Hamstone dressings and slate roofs.</p><br>
<p>The long barn was built in the 16th or 17th century and has a cruck roof with a bell-cote at its apex. Another 18th century barn. which had been a pigeon loft, The estate also had an overshot watermill.</p><br>
<p>Loher Cashel is a stone ringfort  and National Monument located on the Iveragh Peninsula, Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Loher Cashel is situated on the western edge of the Iveragh Peninsula overlooking Ballinskelligs Bay, 3.9 km northwest of Derrynane. This location may have been chosen for its view of Skellig Michael.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The cashel was built around the 9th century AD as a defended farmstead. It was recently reconstructed.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>This is a circular stone ringfort (caiseal) of internal diameter 20 m with outer walls over 2 m high and 3 m thick accessible by stairways. It is built of drystone with gaps filled in with rubble.</p><br>
<p>In the interior are a large round house and a smaller rectangular house; archaeology has shown that these were preceded by wooden buildings. A souterrain was located in the circular house.</p><br>
<p>The entrance has a stone-lined passage similar to that at Staigue stone fort.</p><br>
<p>Lake Düden, also known as Lake Kulu, , is a brackish water lake in Konya Province, Turkey.</p><br>
<p>Lake Düden is located northwest of Lake Tuz and east of Kulu town in Konya Province at an elevation of. It is a shallowh brackish water lake covering area. The lake is fed mainly by Kulu Creek, aka Değirmenözü Creek, in the west. It has no outlet. Spring waters around lake contribute also to the lake&#39;s feeding. There are nine islets inside the lake. In the south of the lake, there is a fresh water lake named "Little Lake" (Küçük Göl) surrounded by dense reeds. While the ducks generally brooding at the Little Lake in the south, the gulls and common terns prefer the islets in colonies. Lake Düden, Lake Little and their surrounding area of wetlands and steppes are declared protected area in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Ecosystem</h2><br>
<p>Most of the nine islets are covered by grass n the spring season. The lake is surrounded by wheat fields of dryland farming and naked steppe. In the north, there are water-meadows at some places used for cattle grazing.</p><br>
<p>Lake Düden is a habitat for around 40,000 waders of more than 170 species during both breeding and migration periods. The area houses summer breeds like marbled duck, ferruginous duck, white-headed duck, avocet, reater sand plover, Mediterranean gull and gull-billed tern. Before and after breeding periods, a great number of waders are observed, including black-necked grebe, ruddy shelduck, white-headed duck, black-winged stilt, avocet and snowy plover. In the winter time, the lake freezes. However, greater white-fronted goose can be observed in great numbers. Other breeding species are Eurasian spoonbill, pratincole, slender-billed gull and black-headed gull.&lt; Lake Düden is an important breeding habitat in Turkey for the world-wide endangered species white-headed duck. Lately, flamingo colonies came to the lake.</p><br>
<p>It is a popular site for birdwatchers from Ankara.</p><br>
<h2>Environmental threat</h2><br>
<p>The sinking of water level in the lake is the most important thread. The excessive consumption of groundwater and surface water in the Konya Closed Basin started to affect the lake. Despite the intensive snowfall in 2006, the lake has almost completely dried out. As a result of the sinking of water level, the islets were connected with each other, and the breeding of birds stopped.The untreated waste water of the Kulu district was dumped in the past into Kulu Creek, which feeds the lake. The plan of Kulu municipality to build roads to and around the lake, and to afforest the lake&#39;s surrounding would be a threat for the breeding birds. Another important issue is the poaching.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, the district administration undertook measures to save the lake by builing a waste water treatment facility and preventing unlawful water usage from the creek.</p><br>
